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Marketing In A Recession: Lessons From Fdr

Submitted by: Allan Starr

There is a strategic marketing lesson to be learned in the following words uttered before a rapt audience of Congressmen and United States Senators: So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself — nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance.

This line was the most famous quote from Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR), regarded by many historians as one of the two or three most effective American chief executives in the history of our republic. It also represents a piece of marketing strategy that was so effective, it was credited with playing a major role in pulling the United States economy, circa The Thirties, out of a ditch the likes of which have not been experienced until this day. Indeed, it was also an unprecedented gem of public relations.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=86ZRCOPDu9Y[/youtube]

It was delivered in his 1933 inaugural address, in the depth of The Great Depression, at the start of his first term. Reading a bit further into Roosevelt’s address, we realized that he was referring to the economic conditions of the time; a time when 13 million were unemployed, and almost every bank was closed. FDR was essentially saying, “If we can’t shake our pessimistic economic outlook, it will be tough to turn things around.” Yes, Roosevelt, a hard-nosed realist was calling for a little irrational exuberance.

Were these the words of a blathering idiot .. . a political Pollyanna who couldn t see reality through his rose colored glasses? Hardly. Indeed, Roosevelt was a practical person, one who earned his historical stripes by being the author of The New Deal, an unprecedented program with the goal of putting people back to work and setting the stage for the post WWII boom. The impact of Roosevelt s words rode America to victory on the back of a brilliant piece of copy writing of which any advertising agencies or marketing agencies of the day could have been proud.

Dealt a short straw in a physical sense since young adulthood, the 32nd President, who suffered from debilitating polio throughout most of his political life, was a gamer who never admitted defeat, leading the US and its allies during what was perhaps the darkest period of our history, the terrible twins of a world war waged simultaneously in, both, the Pacific and Europe. That we won the war and righted the gravely wounded economy are as much a testament to his strength and resolve as perhaps any other single factor.

Roosevelt must have been an inveterate optimist; else how would he have been able to strap on those weighty, iron leg-braces every morning, stick out that jutting jaw, and, often with a smile on his face, lead the free world through the shambles of WWII and an economic firestorm? That he died with his boots on, early in his fourth term, was perhaps the ultimate indicator of his spirit and legendary determination. And that he was a man with a specific marketing strategy is, likewise, undeniable.

The President was a man with specific marketing plans on this occasion, but more than anything, he was a man of action. If he was able to press ahead, working energetically and with inventiveness during times of turbulence, arriving as he did at a momentous ultimate victory, is there a lesson in it for you and for me? I think so. Scaled down to the scope of our own burdens, these, too, are terrible times. But like those Americans in the first half of the Forties, those of us who choose not to be victims, who persist against all odds, ultimately, will survive, succeed and prevail.

About the Author: Allan Starr founded Marketing Partners in 1976. The Phoenix-based firm provides local, regional, national and international strategic marketing, advertising, public relations and sales promotion services for a diverse client list. He also has been a nationally known photographer, award winning copywriter and editor/publisher of national trade magazines.

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Cleveland, Ohio clinic performs US’s first face transplant

Thursday, December 18, 2008

A team of eight transplant surgeons in Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, USA, led by reconstructive surgeon Dr. Maria Siemionow, age 58, have successfully performed the first almost total face transplant in the US, and the fourth globally, on a woman so horribly disfigured due to trauma, that cost her an eye. Two weeks ago Dr. Siemionow, in a 23-hour marathon surgery, replaced 80 percent of her face, by transplanting or grafting bone, nerve, blood vessels, muscles and skin harvested from a female donor’s cadaver.

The Clinic surgeons, in Wednesday’s news conference, described the details of the transplant but upon request, the team did not publish her name, age and cause of injury nor the donor’s identity. The patient’s family desired the reason for her transplant to remain confidential. The Los Angeles Times reported that the patient “had no upper jaw, nose, cheeks or lower eyelids and was unable to eat, talk, smile, smell or breathe on her own.” The clinic’s dermatology and plastic surgery chair, Francis Papay, described the nine hours phase of the procedure: “We transferred the skin, all the facial muscles in the upper face and mid-face, the upper lip, all of the nose, most of the sinuses around the nose, the upper jaw including the teeth, the facial nerve.” Thereafter, another team spent three hours sewing the woman’s blood vessels to that of the donor’s face to restore blood circulation, making the graft a success.

The New York Times reported that “three partial face transplants have been performed since 2005, two in France and one in China, all using facial tissue from a dead donor with permission from their families.” “Only the forehead, upper eyelids, lower lip, lower teeth and jaw are hers, the rest of her face comes from a cadaver; she could not eat on her own or breathe without a hole in her windpipe. About 77 square inches of tissue were transplanted from the donor,” it further described the details of the medical marvel. The patient, however, must take lifetime immunosuppressive drugs, also called antirejection drugs, which do not guarantee success. The transplant team said that in case of failure, it would replace the part with a skin graft taken from her own body.

Dr. Bohdan Pomahac, a Brigham and Women’s Hospital surgeon praised the recent medical development. “There are patients who can benefit tremendously from this. It’s great that it happened,” he said.

Leading bioethicist Arthur Caplan of the University of Pennsylvania withheld judgment on the Cleveland transplant amid grave concerns on the post-operation results. “The biggest ethical problem is dealing with failure — if your face rejects. It would be a living hell. If your face is falling off and you can’t eat and you can’t breathe and you’re suffering in a terrible manner that can’t be reversed, you need to put on the table assistance in dying. There are patients who can benefit tremendously from this. It’s great that it happened,” he said.

Dr Alex Clarke, of the Royal Free Hospital had praised the Clinic for its contribution to medicine. “It is a real step forward for people who have severe disfigurement and this operation has been done by a team who have really prepared and worked towards this for a number of years. These transplants have proven that the technical difficulties can be overcome and psychologically the patients are doing well. They have all have reacted positively and have begun to do things they were not able to before. All the things people thought were barriers to this kind of operations have been overcome,” she said.

The first partial face transplant surgery on a living human was performed on Isabelle Dinoire on November 27 2005, when she was 38, by Professor Bernard Devauchelle, assisted by Professor Jean-Michel Dubernard in Amiens, France. Her Labrador dog mauled her in May 2005. A triangle of face tissue including the nose and mouth was taken from a brain-dead female donor and grafted onto the patient. Scientists elsewhere have performed scalp and ear transplants. However, the claim is the first for a mouth and nose transplant. Experts say the mouth and nose are the most difficult parts of the face to transplant.

In 2004, the same Cleveland Clinic, became the first institution to approve this surgery and test it on cadavers. In October 2006, surgeon Peter Butler at London‘s Royal Free Hospital in the UK was given permission by the NHS ethics board to carry out a full face transplant. His team will select four adult patients (children cannot be selected due to concerns over consent), with operations being carried out at six month intervals. In March 2008, the treatment of 30-year-old neurofibromatosis victim Pascal Coler of France ended after having received what his doctors call the worlds first successful full face transplant.

Ethical concerns, psychological impact, problems relating to immunosuppression and consequences of technical failure have prevented teams from performing face transplant operations in the past, even though it has been technically possible to carry out such procedures for years.

Mr Iain Hutchison, of Barts and the London Hospital, warned of several problems with face transplants, such as blood vessels in the donated tissue clotting and immunosuppressants failing or increasing the patient’s risk of cancer. He also pointed out ethical issues with the fact that the procedure requires a “beating heart donor”. The transplant is carried out while the donor is brain dead, but still alive by use of a ventilator.

According to Stephen Wigmore, chair of British Transplantation Society’s ethics committee, it is unknown to what extent facial expressions will function in the long term. He said that it is not certain whether a patient could be left worse off in the case of a face transplant failing.

Mr Michael Earley, a member of the Royal College of Surgeon‘s facial transplantation working party, commented that if successful, the transplant would be “a major breakthrough in facial reconstruction” and “a major step forward for the facially disfigured.”

In Wednesday’s conference, Siemionow said “we know that there are so many patients there in their homes where they are hiding from society because they are afraid to walk to the grocery stores, they are afraid to go the the street.” “Our patient was called names and was humiliated. We very much hope that for this very special group of patients there is a hope that someday they will be able to go comfortably from their houses and enjoy the things we take for granted,” she added.

In response to the medical breakthrough, a British medical group led by Royal Free Hospital’s lead surgeon Dr Peter Butler, said they will finish the world’s first full face transplant within a year. “We hope to make an announcement about a full-face operation in the next 12 months. This latest operation shows how facial transplantation can help a particular group of the most severely facially injured people. These are people who would otherwise live a terrible twilight life, shut away from public gaze,” he said.

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Celebrities contribute to Katrina relief

Published:Wednesday, September 7, 2005Updated:Saturday, September 10, 2005 (Travolta, Preston, Moore, Stones, Three Doors Down, Johnson, Smith)

After Hurricane Katrina passed across the United States, various artists and media stars have leapt at a call to action.

John Travolta and wife Kelly Preston flew his private plane to deliver a load of supplies and tetanus vaccine to Baton Rouge and New Orleans. Part of a Scientology project which has been using their non-massage “assists”, in an interview Preston mentioned that “auditing” had also been performed on victims.

Kevin Smith is holding an online auction on his Web site.

Sean Penn actually went to Louisiana. After loading down a small boat with his entourage, it was discovered one of them had neglected to seal a hole in the bottom. Penn was wearing a white vest rather than a life vest while bailing. After the motor wouldn’t start, the crew paddled down a flooded New Orleans street. Bystanders jeered at whether any victims could fit aboard the crowded craft. No report on rescue stunts. Local authorities had previously been criticized for not allowing volunteer boaters in to help.

Morgan Freeman, whose home fared well, is organizing an online auction of celebrity items at charityfolks.com, to benefit the American Red Cross Disaster Relief Fund.

Curt Schilling opened his home to a family of nine driven out of their New Orleans home. The Schilling family will provide housing for the Fields for a year while their home in New Orleans is rebuilt and repaired.

Some celebrities “graced” disaster zones with their presence in the days following Katrina.

Singer Macy Gray and television personality Phil McGraw visited Houston’s Astrodome.

Celebrities visiting New Orleans include Michael Moore (opposite side of lake), singer Harry Connick, Jr., CNN’s Anderson Cooper, actor Jamie Foxx, singer Faith Hill, actor Matthew McConaughey, singer Lisa Marie Presley, comedian Chris Rock, and The Oprah Winfrey Show contributor Lisa Ling and interior decorator Nate Berkus.

Oprah Winfrey visited New Orleans, Houston, and Mississippi.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Celebrities_contribute_to_Katrina_relief&oldid=4577607”

Wikinews Shorts: April 9, 2007

A compilation of brief news reports for Monday, April 9, 2007.

The New Zealand Police has reported that a three-year-old boy choked to death on Saturday afternoon, due to what they believe was a piece of candy at his birthday party.

The parents did call New Zealand’s emergency number, 1-1-1, after their son alerted his parents to the fact that he was choking. The paramedics were unable to revive the Napier boy when they arrived at the scene.

The case has been referred to a coroner.

Sources

  • Nzpa. “Three year old dies after choking on candy” — Fairfax New Zealand, April 9, 2007
  • “Three-year-old birthday boy chokes to death” — New Zealand Herald, April 9, 2007

Relatively unknown golfer Zach Johnson won the 71st Masters Tournament in Augusta, Georgia. Johnson shot 3-under-par 69 in Sunday’s fourth round, to win by 2 strokes over Tiger Woods, Retief Goosen, and Rory Sabbattini.

Johnson won a purse worth US$1,305,000 and a lifetime qualification to the Masters Tournament, held annually at the Augusta National Golf Club.

Sources

  • Press Release: Vartan Kupelian. “Johnson Proves His Mettle In Masters Victory” — The Masters Tournament, April 9, 2007
  • Gene Wojciechowski. “Johnson beats Tiger at his own game” — ESPN.com, April 9, 2007
  • “A strange week ends with a green jacket for Johnson” — CBS Sportsline, April 8, 2007

A couple living in New York City have decided to take a taxi all the way to Arizona. Betty and Bob Matas are retiring and leaving the city for good. What started as joke, has become reality, in part to spare their cats from traveling in a jetliner cargo-hold. They have negotiated a US$3,000 flat fee instead of the metered rate, which was estimated at US$5,000.

Sources

  • “New York couple taking cab to Arizona retirement” — CNN, April 8, 2007
  • “New York City Couple Hails Cab to Arizona” — Fox News, April 8, 2007

A vocational nurse working for Dr. John Capriotti, a plastic surgeon, was accused of setting the fire that wounded several and killed three people in Houston, Texas on March 28. She was allegedly trying to cover up the fact that she hadn’t completed the paperwork for an upcoming audit.

The fire began in Dr. Capriotti’s office on the fifth floor and quickly spread to the sixth. Arson investigators from the Houston Fire Department, the FBI and the Federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives had been working to determine the source of the fire.

Sources

  • Anne Marie Kilday. “Bond set at $330,000 for nurse in fatal fire” — Houston Chronicle, April 8, 2007
  • Associated Press. “Woman afraid of losing job confesses to fatal fire” — The Dallas Morning News, April 8, 2007
  • Kimberly Pina. “Area fire departments evaluate high-rise strategy” — Houston Chronicle, April 6, 2007
  • Joe Stinebaker. “3 dead in Houston office building fire” — Lexington Herald-Leader, March 29, 2007

Iran announced that it has started industrial scale production of nuclear fuel involving hundreds of centrifuges. The announcement comes as President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad reasserts his nation’s nuclear rights in the face of two rounds of sanctions by the UN Security Council, which is seeking a halt to such work.

The United States denounced the declaration, saying it showed Iran was defying the international community.

Sources

  • Parisa Hafezi. “Iran announces “industrial” nuclear fuel work” — Reuters, April 9, 2007
  • Marc Wolfensberger and Patrick Donahue. “Iran Says Nuclear Enrichment Reaches Industrial Scale” — Bloomberg L.P., April 9, 2007
  • “President: Iran to generate nuclear power on schedule” — Islamic Republic News Agency, April 9, 2007


Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Wikinews_Shorts:_April_9,_2007&oldid=2470852”

Gastric Bypass Surgery For Reducing Weight

Gastric Bypass Surgery for Reducing Weight

by

Trisha W. Bolton

There are some Houston surgical specialists who are experts in gastric bypass surgery. This operation helps the patient to lose weight. Changes are made to the digestive system that helps in restricting the amount of food that can be eaten by the patient. It can also help in reducing the absorption of nutrients by the individual. A gastric bypass surgery is done when the patient has tried other methods of losing weight like going on a crash diet. When these are found to be unsuccessful, only then this operation is attempted. Some patients have serious weight problems. This might be because of a medical condition or a sedentary lifestyle. The only way for reducing the weight in such circumstances might be to have an operation performed on the patient.

There are quite a few types of obesity surgery. But the gastric bypass surgery is preferred by patients because it has fewer complications. However, like all other surgeries, this one can also have its side effects. Patients should consult a good doctor and go to a reputed clinic in order to get the operation done in a safe manner that will help the patient lead a healthy life. Doctors perform a complete health check up for the patient. Only when they feel that the patient will not be harmed in any way by the surgery will they recommend that they go ahead with the operation.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSW3eySjHO0[/youtube]

A lap band operation works by restricting the quantity of food that can be eaten at a single meal. It also makes the patient feel full in between two meals. The individuals would not be tempted to eat anything other than breakfast, lunch and dinner. The band is a silastic cuff. It fits around the upper stomach that enables a small upper gastric pouch to be produced. The size of the pouch is fixed and the band plays a vital role in controlling the rate of emptying of the pouch. The feeling of full comes because the passage restricts the amount of food that goes out of the pouch.

The consistency of food that fills the pouch has an impact on the function of the Gastric Band as well. It has been observed that solid food achieves the best results. Solid food fills the pouch and passes it on slowly to the distal stomach. Other guidelines that the patient needs to follow include eating the food slowly. Attention should be paid by the patient to the impending feeling of fullness so that he will know when to stop. Juice, milk and soups should be avoided by individuals who undergo this procedure. The band generally does not work well with liquid calories.

Those who want to get a gastric bypass surgery should approach surgeons who have a track record of successful operations. Those who undertake these operations should follow the instructions of the doctor carefully. If they have any side effects, then it should be reported so that quick treatment and remedial measures can be undertaken.

Trisha Bolton is the author of this article on

Lap Band

. Find more information, about

Houston Surgical Specialists

here

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P&G to acquire Gillette for US$57 billion

Friday, January 28, 2005

New York —American manufacturing giant Proctor & Gamble (P&G) plans to acquire Gillette Co. for US$57 billion in stock. The purchase plan calls for P&G to swap 0.975 shares of its stock per share of Gillete Co. P&G also announced a stock buyback program in which they would purchase up to US$22 billion of shares over the next 18 months. Including the stock buyback program, the merger is being financed by 60 percent stock and 40 percent cash.

P&G is known for brands such as Ariel and Tide washing powder, Max Factor cosmetics, Pringles potato crisps (chips) and Hugo Boss and Lacoste perfumes.

Gillette, known for brands such as Gillette razors, Oral B dental care, and Duracell batteries, has had growing problems with the growth of private labels and price cuts demanded by large supermarkets.

After the acquisition is completed, Gillette’s CEO James Kilts will be P&G’s vice-chairman. Kilts said that he expects that this acquisition will cause additional mergers to take place.

“I believe the consumer product industry needs to consolidate,” said Kilts, “we believe we can bring these companies together and create a juggernaut.”

P&G and Gillette have a combined market capitalization of about $185 billion US, which will make it the largest in the sector.

The early morning announcement states that 6,000 employees will be eliminated. Most of the layoffs will result from reducing overlapping management positions and other supporting positions within the combined company.

Antitrust regulators in the US and Europe plan to review the acquisition, to determine whether the combined company will have too much power over pricing and shelf space.

P&G plans to provide additional details about the merger Friday morning (East Coast time) in New York.

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Italian police find 24 children living in Rome’s sewers

Monday, April 6, 2009

98 people, including 24 children, were found Saturday by Italian police in the sewer system of Rome.

The Afghan youths were reported to be between the ages of 10 and 15. According to the newspaper La Repubblica, the children had stowed away on trailer trucks traveling from Turkey and Greece. They had spent nights sleeping in a standing position in filthy sewer pipes after removing the manhole covers and some of them were found in a sickly condition.

There had been reports to the police of children under the Ostiense train station, a common place for the homeless to seek shelter on cold nights.

The children, who do not speak Italian, are under the care of Rome’s Social Services. Efforts are being made by interpreters to identify the children who traveled without parental care.

Save the Children said that Afghan minors in Rome have increased to 264 in 2007 from 32 in 2004.

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Do Something About Your Gynecomastia

Do Something About Your Gynecomastia

by

aaucoin

Imagine how hard it is to make a good impression and look your best at the same time when you have to live with gynecomastia. There are many ways this condition can affect your life. Most men think that the only thing they have to worry about is what it does to their body, but studies show that the more breast tissue men develop from this condition, the more their self-esteem and body image suffers.

Even though this condition can affect men at any time in their life, many originally assume that it is the result of a poor diet. You may start working out in an effort to eliminate what seems to be excess fat accumulating. What you fail to realize is there is something else causing your breasts to grow. No matter how much exercising you do, nothing is going to get rid of those breasts. This is part of the reason why it is so important to get this condition diagnosed and properly treated.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dcm5iERSODw[/youtube]

Depending on your age, your particular cause of gynecomastia may be related to puberty. If it is, then it is very likely that our condition will resolve on its own. Puberty-related cases of gynecomastia are often caused by hormonal imbalances that occur as when young boys and men start undergoing physical and physiological changes from puberty. As they get older and their hormones start to even out to where they should be, the appearance of breasts disappears.

In other cases, men can develop this condition as a result of certain medications. Some heart medications do more than treat your heart condition. They also cause side effects that disrupt the hormonal balance and create a disruption in testosterone production. When this occurs, not only does the offending medication need to be replaced with an alternative, you may also need to see a gynecomastia specialist for additional treatment.

Sometimes it may be necessary to have breast reduction surgery to remove your breasts and give you a flatter chest. If you are not comfortable with the way your body looks, then you need to take advantage of plastic surgery. You don’t have to go through life feeling inferior to anyone else because of your condition. You shouldn’t have to ostracize yourself from your friends and family because you are ashamed of your body. You don’t have to hide from the world because you feel less than a man. Find a doctor or surgeon who specializes in the treatment of gynecomastia. They can help you get back in shape and get your life together. They can put an end to this nightmare you are dealing with. They can get treat your condition and make it so you don’t have to live with the physical effects of it. Once you have gotten this condition under control, you can also take some necessary precautions so you don’t have to end up with condition again.

If you or someone you know is tired of dealing with

gynecomastia Atlanta

is a great place to find a surgeon to address the condition. Visit

swancenteratlanta.com

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Do Something About Your Gynecomastia

Atlas rocket launches ICO G1 satellite

Monday, April 14, 2008

A United Launch Alliance Atlas V carrier rocket launched this evening from LC-41 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida, USA, with the ICO G1 communications satellite for ICO Satellite Management. Lift-off occurred at 20:12:00 UTC. It is the first commercial launch of an Atlas rocket since responsibility for the launches was transferred from International Launch Services to United Launch Alliance, through Lockheed Martin. Launch was completely successful, with the spacecraft separating from its carrier rocket about half an hour after launch.

The Atlas V flew in the 421 configuration, with a 4 metre wide payload fairing, twin solid rocket boosters, and a single-engined Centaur upper stage. It was the 14th flight of the Atlas V, and successfully placed the satellite into a geosynchronous orbit. The launch was dedicated to former Atlas programme employee Lynn Deckard.

ICO G1 will provide S band mobile communications for satellite phones. Its launch had been delayed from May last year, owing to delays with US government missions which were launching on Atlas, and then in light of the failure of a previous Atlas launch in June. It was constructed by Space Systems/Loral, and is based on the LS-1300 satellite bus. It is the heaviest satellite to be launched by an Atlas rocket, and the heaviest single commercial satellite to be launched into a geosynchronous transfer orbit.

Speaking after the launch, Jim Sponnik, the Vice President of the Atlas programme told the team who had conducted the launch that they “all did extremely well and the rocket did exceptionally well”. Colonel Scott Henderson, of the 45th Space Wing, United States Air Force, said that the launch was “a great success”, and the result of “phenomenal effort” on the part of those involved. David Malcom, the President of Lockheed Martin Commercial Space Systems described the launch as a “hole in one”. Tim Bryan, the CEO of ICO Satellite Management told the United Launch Alliance team that he “can’t express…what every person in this room has done for our business”. He also thanked Bob Day, and ICO’s space team, for their work in the build up to the launch. Michael Gass, the CEO of United Launch Alliance said that the successful launch was a “testimony to this entire team”, and told flight controllers “congratulations, you’re the best”.

The satellite’s signal was acquired by ground tracking stations in Australia at 21:17, and the launch was confirmed to be accurate to within one nautical mile of the targeted orbit. The next Atlas launch is scheduled to occur in early July, with a DMSP weather satellite, from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.

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American swimmer Michael Phelps laments “bad judgment” in marijuana controversy

Monday, February 2, 2009

U.S. Olympic swimmer Michael Phelps has apologized to fans following tabloid pictures of him smoking a marijuana pipe.

The 23-year-old multiple gold medalist was pictured yesterday in the British Sunday newspaper The News of the World apparently using a “bong” at a University of South Carolina party he attended whilst visiting a friend on November 6, 2008. He released a statement on his Facebook wall, saying “I engaged in behavior which was regrettable and demonstrated bad judgment.”

The statement said “I’m 23 years old, and despite the successes I have had in the pool, I acted in a youthful and inappropriate way, not in a manner that people have come to expect from me. For this, I am sorry. I promise my fans and the public – it will not happen again.”

Marijuana is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) when athletes are actually competing, but not outside of that. Phelps therefore is unlikely to face sanctions from WADA because of the incident. However, US swimming officials and Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA), the international swimming federation, will comment later on their thoughts about the incident. FINA banned Gary Hall for three months in 1998 for marijuana use.

Phelps has never failed a drugs test in his career and has previously volunteered for extra testing as part of the sport’s campaign against performance enhancing drugs. He does, however, have a conviction for drunken driving gained when he was 19. Phelps was named as the U.S. Olympic Committee‘s male athlete of the year last week and was also Sports Illustrated magazine’s “Sportsman of the Year” in 2008. He has endorsement contracts with Speedo, Visa, Guitar Hero and Frosted Flakes.

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